The Journal of Accounting

The Journal of Accounting a systematic and chronological records of financial transactions and the amount of time events such keteranganya concise, information and debit and credit transactions. Journal is also called "book of original entry" .. Furthermore, understanding the meaning of the journal after knowing the importance of the journal,

importance of the journal

a. Journal is the first record for the company's financial records.

b. Journal of the pencatatanya must complete and detailed transaction according to the incident.

c. Journal of the accounting records of the transactions require.

d. Journals are usually complete with explanations, dates and other information as it will be used to prosecute back to the source document / form

The basic principle of planning the journal

A. Journal will be used to separate the transactions into class, such as cash receipts, cash disbursements, and purchasing penjulan.

2. To reduce the work of a detailed accounting must be used specifically listing the columns of journals allow posting number per column into the relevant accounts in the ledger.

3. Name column in the journal should be in accordance with the relevant accounts in the name of the book will receive jumalk that will be written off from the journal.

4. As much as possible of the journal should be designed so that copying the information from the source document is created and established certain relationships with journal source document so that accountability of the information can be determined.

Various kinds of journals

1. Journal of purchase

2. Journal of sales

3. Cash receipts journal

4. Cash disbursements journal

5. Journal of Public

Design steps of the journal

1. Synthesize information about the characteristics that occur in the company transaki

2. Create standard journals for each type of transactions that occur high frequency

3. Designing a journal by journal standards.

Functions of the journal

Functions of the journal was very helpful and assist in them

a. Recording function, meaning that all transactions that occur based on existing evidence document should be recorded in full,

b. The historic function of the incident means that transactions are recorded according to time.

c. Function analysis which means that each transaction must be recorded in juranal evidence analysis of the transaction.

d. Instructive function of journals is a means of recording dala untukmelakukan instruction or command post debits / credits to the ledger.

e. Informative function means that the journal can provide information transactions.

So would explain the sense of the journal article will discuss how the recording of the journal

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Accounting principles

Accounting principles is a summary of recording the results of any analysis of economic events or transactions that occur on the Company's financial and organization.

 So what is a accounting principles?

a. Understanding and formulation of accounting principles.

          In the event of financial transaction will result in changes in the assets, liabilities, and capital. Changes that we summarized in the equation.

      

          Maybe you already learned about the  Accounting principles  majors in high school when Ips. But, for those who had not learned we learn together about the accounting principles.

           To better understand the  Accounting principles  in the example at the beginning of the company, its owner or a cash deposit in the form of objects valued at USD 5000.00 for the initial capital of his business without any debt,

then the equation is:

 Assets = Capital

  Thus, Rp = Rp 5000.00 5000.00

property owned by the same company that is owned by the property owner.

 On the other hand there are rights of creditors is called debt

If the owner of the capital increase of USD 2500.00 debt, then its equation becomes:

  Assets = Liabilities + Capital

Thus, Rp Rp 2500.00 + 7500.00 = 5000.00 USD

Thus the development of the accounting principles is as follows:

Assets = Liabilities + Capital

 Analysis of Accounting principles

  ASSETS = LIABILITIES

ASSETS = CAPITAL + DEBT

The influence of financial transactions:

- Add / subtract any assets

- Add / subtract any liabilities

- Increase / decrease assets and liabilities

Revenues and Expenses

Capital increase revenue, reduce cost of capital

b. Financial Transactions and accounting principles

            Financial transactions and the  Accounting principles  is to add, subtract, or change the composition of assets, liabilities, and / or capital. Settlement of the equation was the result of analysis of the impact of the financial transactions that occur.

For simplicity in understanding the impact of changes in the equation as a result of the financial transaction, let us examine the following case example.

Accounting unsika's Salon Ny. Ayu, which is located at Jl. Joyo Utomo 504 Malang, recently opened in early 2007, was placed in the front room of his house. While the room is not included as assets of the salon, but considered renting.

During the month of January 2007 the financial transactions carried out as follows:

A. Ny. Ayu Rp 1.000.000,00 cash deposit as a first or initial capital investment in Salon Akuntansi unsika.

2. In cash to buy salon equipment worth Rp 300.000,00

5. Pay the room rent for the month of January of Rp 100.000,00

   7. Buying on credit from the shop Makmur salon equipment and supplies worth USD 500,000.00 (suplies) salon worth Rp 200,000.00.

   9. Borrowed money from Bank by signing a three-month term note interest rate of 12% per year valued at Rp 750,000.00

14. Bride makeup job done Ny. Yuli and valued at USD 450,000.00 and direct cash be paid

15. Paid salaries for the month of January Rp 150,000.00

20. Bridal make-up work completed for the mother Harmini worth Rp 550,000.00. cash received as much as Rp 250.000,00 and the rest will be paid in February 2007

22. Repaid debt amounting to Rp 200,000.00 Makmur Stores

25. Paid the electricity bill for the month of January Rp 75.000,00

29. Received from Mrs. Harmini installment debt to Salon as much as Rp 150,000.00

30. Cash taken by Ny. Ayu amounting Rp 100.000,00 for their personal use.

31. Interest paid on notes for the month of January of Rp 7500.00

Any financial transactions on the dates mentioned above will bring the impact of changes to the three components of the  Accounting principles  (assets, liabilities, and capital).

The influence of each financial transaction is the  Accounting principles   can be seen in the following table:

Accounting principles  can be modified into:

                Assets + Expenses (cost) = Liabilities + Capital + Income

With that case, the transaction data in a case that occurred in Accounting unsika salon on the  Accounting principles can be arranged as follows:

   c. Comparison of the accounting principles

Two examples of the  Accounting principles  to complete the financial transactions look different is not it?

In the completion of the first equation, making the classification of the assets and debts, expenses and revenue while directly added or subtracted to the capital. In the second equation elements of assets and debts are not graded, but the expenses and revenues are separated from the capital. In practice in the world of work you can use one of the two equations, given that the end result or the resulting information together.

Moreover, the fact of the business world will you find many similar transactions, ie transactions that led to changes in assets, liabilities, or capital. The examples presented above are just a fraction of the actual transaction. It is hoped that these examples can be used as a reference in the attitude of accounting if there is a similar transaction.

Thank you for reading articles from Blog unsika entitled Accounting ccounting principles

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